The Transport Revolution

At the end of the 18th century the first clippers appeared, the so called Baltimore Clippers. They were long and narrow ships that used sails to sail.They were fast and able to sail through the stormy passes of Magellan and Cape Hope. In 1869 the Suez Canal was opened to the traffic shortening the London-
Bombay route a 40%. This constituted  the final blow to clippers.

Railroad was the result of two main innovations of the industrialization combined: the steam engine and improved ironworks.
In 1814 an English engineer, George Stephenson , built the first locomotive, it was used to pull heavy loads between coal mines. In 1830 the first passenger railway was stablished between Liverpool and Manchester.

There was a big increase of trade due to the reduction on time and costs in transport

Railway needed huge amounts of money to be built so this led to an improvement of the financial system (banks and stock exchange)